Beryllium
Lát'ọwọ́ Wikipedia, ìwé ìmọ̀ ọ̀fẹ́
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| Ìfarahàn |
white-gray metallic
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| Àwọn ìní àníkárí |
| Orúkọ, àmì-ìdámọ̀, nọ́mbà |
beryllium, Be, 4 |
| Ìpè |
/bəˈrɪliəm/ bə-RIL-ee-əm |
| Ẹ̀ka apilẹ̀sẹ̀ |
alkaline earth metal |
| Àdìpọ̀, ìgbà, block |
2, 2, s |
| Ìwúwo átọ́mù |
9.012182(3) g·mol−1 |
| Ìtòjọ ẹ̀lẹ́ktrónì |
1s2 2s2 |
| Àwọn ẹ̀lẹ́ktrónì lórí ọ̀nà kan |
2, 2 (Image) |
| Àwọn ìní aláfójúrí |
| Phase |
solid |
| Kíki (tó súnmọ́ r.t.) |
1.85 g·cm−3 |
| Liquid density at m.p. |
1.690 g·cm−3 |
| ojúàmì ìyọ́ |
1560 K, 1287 °C, 2349 °F |
| ajúàmì ìhó |
2742 K, 2469 °C, 4476 °F |
| Heat of fusion |
12.2 kJ·mol−1 |
| Heat of vaporization |
297 kJ·mol−1 |
| Specific heat capacity |
(25 °C) 16.443 J·mol−1·K−1 |
| Vapor pressure |
| P/Pa |
1 |
10 |
100 |
1 k |
10 k |
100 k |
| at T/K |
1462 |
1608 |
1791 |
2023 |
2327 |
2742 |
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| Atomic properties |
| Oxidation states |
2, 1[1]
(amphoteric oxide) |
| Electronegativity |
1.57 (Pauling scale) |
Ionization energies
(more) |
1st: 899.5 kJ·mol−1 |
| 2nd: 1757.1 kJ·mol−1 |
| 3rd: 14848.7 kJ·mol−1 |
| Atomic radius |
105[2] pm |
| Atomic radius (calc.) |
112 [3] pm |
| Covalent radius |
96±3 pm |
| Van der Waals radius |
153 pm |
| Miscellanea |
| Crystal structure |
hexagonal |
| Magnetic ordering |
diamagnetic |
| Electrical resistivity |
(20 °C) 36 nΩ·m |
| Thermal conductivity |
(300 K) 200 W·m−1·K−1 |
| Thermal expansion |
(25 °C) 11.3 µm·m−1·K−1 |
| Speed of sound (thin rod) |
(r.t.) 12870[4] m·s−1 |
| Young's modulus |
287 GPa |
| Shear modulus |
132 GPa |
| Bulk modulus |
130 GPa |
| Poisson ratio |
0.032 |
| Mohs hardness |
5.5 |
| Vickers hardness |
1670 MPa |
| Brinell hardness |
600 MPa |
| CAS registry number |
7440-41-7 |
| Most stable isotopes |
| Main article: Isotopes of beryllium |
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