Scandium
Lát'ọwọ́ Wikipedia, ìwé ìmọ̀ ọ̀fẹ́
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| Ìfarahàn |
silvery white
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| Àwọn ìní àníkárí |
| Orúkọ, àmì-ìdámọ̀, nọ́mbà |
scandium, Sc, 21 |
| Ẹ̀ka apilẹ̀sẹ̀ |
transition metal |
| Àdìpọ̀, ìgbà, block |
3, 4, d |
| Ìwúwo átọ́mù |
44.955912(6) g·mol−1 |
| Ìtòjọ ẹ̀lẹ́ktrónì |
[Ar] 3d1 4s2 |
| Àwọn ẹ̀lẹ́ktrónì lórí ọ̀nà kan |
2, 8, 9, 2 (Image) |
| Àwọn ìní aláfójúrí |
| Phase |
solid |
| Kíki (tó súnmọ́ r.t.) |
2.985 g·cm−3 |
| Liquid density at m.p. |
2.80 g·cm−3 |
| ojúàmì ìyọ́ |
1814 K, 1541 °C, 2806 °F |
| ajúàmì ìhó |
3109 K, 2836 °C, 5136 °F |
| Heat of fusion |
14.1 kJ·mol−1 |
| Heat of vaporization |
332.7 kJ·mol−1 |
| Specific heat capacity |
(25 °C) 25.52 J·mol−1·K−1 |
| Vapor pressure |
| P/Pa |
1 |
10 |
100 |
1 k |
10 k |
100 k |
| at T/K |
1645 |
1804 |
(2006) |
(2266) |
(2613) |
(3101) |
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| Atomic properties |
| Oxidation states |
3, 2[1], 1 [2]
(weakly basic oxide) |
| Electronegativity |
1.36 (Pauling scale) |
Ionization energies
(more) |
1st: 633.1 kJ·mol−1 |
| 2nd: 1235.0 kJ·mol−1 |
| 3rd: 2388.6 kJ·mol−1 |
| Atomic radius |
162 pm |
| Covalent radius |
170±7 pm |
| Van der Waals radius |
211 pm |
| Miscellanea |
| Crystal structure |
hexagonal |
| Magnetic ordering |
paramagnetic |
| Electrical resistivity |
(r.t.) (α, poly)
calc. 562 nΩ·m |
| Thermal conductivity |
(300 K) 15.8 W·m−1·K−1 |
| Thermal expansion |
(r.t.) (α, poly)
10.2 µm/(m·K) |
| Young's modulus |
74.4 GPa |
| Shear modulus |
29.1 GPa |
| Bulk modulus |
56.6 GPa |
| Poisson ratio |
0.279 |
| Brinell hardness |
750 MPa |
| CAS registry number |
7440-20-2 |
| Most stable isotopes |
| Main article: Isotopes of scandium |
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- ↑ McGuire, Joseph C.; Kempter, Charles P. (1960). "Preparation and Properties of Scandium Dihydride". Journal of Chemical Physics 33: 1584–1585. doi:10.1063/1.1731452.
- ↑ Smith, R. E. (1973). "Diatomic Hydride and Deuteride Spectra of the Second Row Transition Metals". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences 332 (1588): 113–127. doi:10.1098/rspa.1973.0015.
