Kíkó àwọn ọmọ wọ orílè-èdè mìíràn lọ́nà àìtọ́ (Trafficking of children)
Kíkó àwọn ọmọ lọ sí orílẹ̀-èdè mìíràn lọ́nà àìtọ́ jẹ́ ọ̀nà kị́kó àwọn ènìyàn wọ orilẹ̀-èdè mìíràn lọ́nà àìtọ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àjọ United Nations ṣe kì í bí i " ìgbàwọlẹ́, lílọ-bíbọ̀, gbígbé láti ibìkan lọ ibò mìírán, tàbí fífi sí àhámọ́" jíjí ọmọ gbé láti fi ṣẹ ẹrú, ṣe iṣẹ́ agbára tipátipá, àti lílò wọn nílòkulò. forced labour[1]:Article 3(c). Nígbà mìíràn ẹ̀wẹ̀, wọn máa n kó àwọn ọmọ yìí láti kó wọn fún àwọn tí wọ́n wá ọmọ láti gbàwọn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọmọ adoption.
Pẹ̀lú ìṣirò àwọn àjọ International Labour Organization (ILO), wọ́n ní bí i ẹgbẹ̀rún lọ́nà mẹ́wàá ni wọ́n kó lọ́nà àìtọ́ lọ́dọ́ọdún.[2] ní ọdún 2012, àjọ United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) jábọ̀ pé àwọn ìdá àwọn ọmọ tí wọ́n ń kó lọ́nà àìtọ́ tí kurò ní ogún, ó ti bọ sí ẹ̀tàdínlọ́gbọ̀n láàárín ọdún mẹta.[3][4][5]
Gbígbé àwọn ọmọdé lọ sí òkè-òkun lọ́nà àìtọ́ jẹ́ ohun tí ó lọ̀dì sí òfin káríayé, ìwà burúkú yìí máa ń wáyé ní ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ agbègbè ní àwọn oríléèdè lágbàáyé. Èyí sì máa ni ipa tí ó kó nínú ẹ̀tó ọmọ ènìyàn. Ní nǹkan bí ọdún mẹ́wàá sẹ́yin ni ìwà ìlòdì sí òfin yìí di ìlú-mọ̀ọ́ká nípa sẹ̀ àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tí ìwádìí gbé jáde àti ìgbésẹ̀ tí àwùjo gbé lórí ìwà àìtọ́ yìí.
Àwọn ìwádìí tí àwọn onímọ̀ ti ṣẹ kò sọ gbogbo àwọn okùnfà gbígbé ọmọdé lọ òkè-òkun lọ́nà àìtọ́, wàyí, ìṣẹ́, ogun, àti àìní ẹ̀kọ́ ìwé jẹ́ okùnfà tí ó wọ́pọ̀. Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ọ̀nà àbáyọ ni àwọn ènìyàn tí dábàá rẹ̀ tí wọ́n sì mú lò. Ọ̀nà mẹ́ta ni a lè pín èyí sí: àbò gbogbogbò, ìdẹ́kun, ìmúlò òfin, àti ìrànlọ́wọ́ fún àwọn tí ó farakááṣá.[6][7]
Àjọ tó ṣẹ kókó[àtúnṣe | àtúnṣe àmìọ̀rọ̀]
- United Nations
- UNICEF
- Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
- United Nations Global Initiative to Fight Human Trafficking
- International Labour Organization
- United States Department of State
- ECPAT International
- International Justice Mission
Rí òmíràn[àtúnṣe | àtúnṣe àmìọ̀rọ̀]
- Adoption fraud
- Bon Secours Mother and Baby Home
- Child-selling
- Child grooming
- Child laundering
- Child trafficking in India
- Children in emergencies and conflicts
- Debt bondage
- Exploitation of labour
- Forced prostitution
- Human trafficking in Georgia (country)
- International child abduction
Àwọn ìtọkásí[àtúnṣe | àtúnṣe àmìọ̀rọ̀]
- ↑ "Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children" (PDF). United Nations. 2000. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 24, 2014. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ↑ "Child Trafficking – Essentials" (PDF). Geneva: ILO-IPEC. 2010.
- ↑ "Child Trafficking Statistics". Ark of Hope for Children (in Èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì). Retrieved November 26, 2018.
- ↑ "Child Trafficking Statistics". Ark of Hope for Children (in Èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì). Retrieved November 26, 2018.
- ↑ "Human Trafficking Statistics". ERASE Child Trafficking (in Èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì). July 20, 2016. Retrieved December 6, 2018.
- ↑ Àṣìṣe ìtọ́kasí: Invalid
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Àwọn ìwé ìtọ́kasí[àtúnṣe | àtúnṣe àmìọ̀rọ̀]
- Beyrer, Chris (2004). "Global Child Trafficking". The Lancet 364: S16–17. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(04)17624-1. PMID 15967136.
- Bradley, Keith (1994). Slavery and Society at Rome. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-37887-7.
- Gozdziak, Elzbieta; MacDonnell, Margaret (2007). "Closing the Gaps: The Need to Improve Identification and Services to Child Victims of Trafficking". Human Organization 66 (2): 171–184. doi:10.17730/humo.66.2.y767h78360721702. https://semanticscholar.org/paper/4f07ac35c6a8b0390a79def965febf1a6bbdb994.
- Kendall, Virginia; Funk, T. (2012). Child Exploitation and Trafficking: Examining the Global Challenges and U.S. Responses. Plymouth, UK: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1442264793.
- Menefee, Samuel Pyeatt (1981). Wives for Sale: An Ethnographic Study of British Popular Divorce. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 9780312886295. https://archive.org/details/wivesforsaleethn00mene.
- Meredith, Robyn (2007). The Elephant and the Dragon: The Rise of India and China and What It Means For All of Us (1st ed.). New York: W.W. Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-06236-6. https://archive.org/details/elephantdragonri00mere_0.
- Vinkovic, Mario (2010). "The 'Unbroken Marriage' - Trafficking and Child Labour in Europe". Journal of Money Laundering Control 13 (2): 87–102. doi:10.1108/13685201011034032.
- Child Trafficking in the Nordic Countries, Rethinking strategies and national responses, A Technical Report. UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre. 2012.