Tonic (orin)

Ninu orin, tonic jẹ alefa iwọn akọkọ ( ) ti iwọn diatonic (akọsilẹ akọkọ ti iwọn) ati ile-iṣẹ tonal tabi ohun orin ipinnu ipari ^[1] eyiti a lo nigbagbogbo ni cadence ipari ni orin tonal ( bọtini -orisun) orin kilasika, orin olokiki, ati orin ibile . Ninu eto solfège ti o ṣee gbe, akọsilẹ tonic ni a kọ bi ṣe . Ni gbogbogbo, tonic jẹ akọsilẹ lori eyiti gbogbo awọn akọsilẹ miiran ti nkan kan jẹ itọkasi logalomomoise. Awọn irẹjẹ ti wa ni orukọ lẹhin awọn ohun elo wọn: fun apẹẹrẹ, tonic ti iwọn pataki C jẹ akọsilẹ C.

Awọn triad akoso lori tonic akọsilẹ, awọn tonic chord, jẹ bayi ni julọ significant kọọdu ti ni awọn wọnyi aza ti music. Ninu itupalẹ nọmba Roman, orin tonic jẹ aami deede nipasẹ nọmba Roman “I” ti o ba jẹ pataki ati nipasẹ “i” ti o ba jẹ kekere. Tonic jẹ iyatọ lati gbongbo, eyiti o jẹ akọsilẹ itọkasi ti okun, ju ti iwọn lọ.

Pataki ati iṣẹ

Ninu orin ti akoko iṣe ti o wọpọ, ile-iṣẹ tonic jẹ pataki julọ ti gbogbo awọn ile-iṣẹ ohun orin oriṣiriṣi eyiti olupilẹṣẹ kan lo ninu nkan orin kan, pẹlu ọpọlọpọ awọn ege ti o bẹrẹ ati ipari lori tonic, nigbagbogbo n ṣe iyipada si agbara (iwọn karun karun). iwọn loke tonic, tabi kẹrin ni isalẹ rẹ) laarin.

Awọn bọtini afiwe meji ni tonic kanna. Fun apẹẹrẹ, ninu mejeeji C pataki ati C kekere, tonic jẹ C. Sibẹsibẹ, awọn bọtini ibatan (awọn iwọn oriṣiriṣi meji ti o pin ibuwọlu bọtini ) ni awọn tonics oriṣiriṣi. Fun apẹẹrẹ, C pataki ati A kekere pin ibuwọlu bọtini kan ti ko ṣe ẹya didasilẹ tabi awọn filati, laibikita nini awọn ipolowo tonic oriṣiriṣi (C ati A, lẹsẹsẹ). Oro ti tonic le wa ni ipamọ ni iyasọtọ fun lilo ni awọn ipo tonal nigba ti ile-iṣẹ tonal tabi ile-iṣẹ ipolowo le ṣee lo ni orin-tonal ati orin atonal : "Fun awọn idi ti orin centric ti kii ṣe tonal, o le jẹ imọran ti o dara lati ni ọrọ naa ' Ile-iṣẹ ohun orin' tọka si kilasi gbogbogbo diẹ sii ti eyiti 'tonics' (tabi awọn ile-iṣẹ ohun orin ni awọn ipo tonal) le gba bi kilasi kekere.” Nípa bẹ́ẹ̀, ilé-iṣẹ́ ọ̀rọ̀ lè ṣiṣẹ́ lọ́nà títọ́ tàbí ní àyíká ọ̀rọ̀ ní àyíká ọ̀rọ̀ àtọ̀nà, ní gbogbo ìgbà tí ó máa ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀pá ìdiwọ̀n tàbí laini ìṣàpẹẹrẹ nínú ìyípo aarin . Oro ti pitch centricity ti a ṣe nipasẹ Arthur Berger ninu rẹ "Awọn iṣoro ti Pitch Organisation ni Stravinsky". ^[2] Ni ibamu si Walter Piston, "ero ti a ti iṣọkan kilasika tonality rọpo nipasẹ nonclassical (ninu apere yi nondominant) centricity ni a tiwqn ti wa ni daradara afihan nipa Debussy's Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune ".

Tonic naa pẹlu awọn iṣẹ ṣiṣe lọtọ mẹrin tabi awọn ipa bi ohun orin ibi-afẹde akọkọ, iṣẹlẹ ibẹrẹ, olupilẹṣẹ ti awon ohun orin miiran, ati ile-iṣẹ iduroṣinṣin ti n yọkuro ẹdọfu laarin agbara ati alaṣẹ.

Wo eleyi na

Ipari (orin)
Fundamental frequency - Igbohunsafẹfẹ ti o kere julọ ti fọọmu igbi igbakọọkan, gẹgẹbi ohun
Double tonic
Bọtini
Subtonic
Supertonic

Awọn itọkasi

oriṣiriṣi meji ti o pin ibuwọlu bọtini ) ni awọn tonics oriṣiriṣi. Fun apẹẹrẹ, C pataki ati A kekere pin ibuwọlu bọtini kan ti ko ṣe ẹya

Ita ìjápọ

Media related to Tonic (music) at Wikimedia Commons

↑ Benward, Bruce (2009). Music in Theory and Practice.
↑ Berger, Arthur (Fall–Winter 1963). "Problems of Pitch Organization in Stravinsky". Perspectives of New Music 2: 11–42. doi:10.2307/832252. JSTOR 832252.

[BenwardSaker-1] Benward, Bruce (2009). Music in Theory and Practice.

[2] Berger, Arthur (Fall–Winter 1963). "Problems of Pitch Organization in Stravinsky". Perspectives of New Music 2: 11–42. doi:10.2307/832252. JSTOR 832252.

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