Jihad ti Usman dan Fodio

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Jihad of Usman dan Fodio
Part of the Fula jihads
Sokoto_Sultanate
The Sokoto Sultanate (Sokoto Empire) in the reign of sultan Ahmadu Rufai, established after the Jihad led by Shaikh Usman bin Fodiyo.
Ìgbà February 21, 1804 – 1808
Ibùdó Present day Nigeria and Cameroon
Àbọ̀ Fulani victory
Àwọn agbógun tira wọn
Sokoto Caliphate
Support:
Kel Ayr
Àwọn apàṣẹ
  • Usman dan Fodio
  • Muhammad Bello
  • Abdullahi dan Fodio
  • Umaru al-Kammu
  • Malam `Umaru Dallaji
  • Sulaymanu dan Abahama
  • Aliyu Jedo
  • Other Fulani generals
  • Yunfa

Jihad ti Usman dan Fodio jẹ ija ẹlẹsin-ologun to waye in Orilẹ ede Naijiria ati ilu Cameroon. Ogun naa bẹrẹ nigba ti a lè Usman Dan Fodiyo, ogbon tarigi onimọ ẹsin islam ati olukọ kuro ni Gobir, eleyi ṣẹlẹ lati ọwọ ọkan ninu akẹẹkọ rẹ Ọba Yunfa[1].[2]

Usman Dan Fodiyo ṣè agbatẹru awọn ologun ẹsin islam lati ṣè jihad lori afin ilẹ hausa to wa ni ariwa órilẹ ede Naijiria. Awọn ologun Usman Dan Fodiyo Kapa ọpọlọpọ ilẹ hausa nibi tan ti gba koso lori Gobir ni ọdun 1808 ti wọn si pa Yunfa. Ija yi lo yi sisi dida Sokoto Caliphate silẹ, eleyi lo pada di ọkan lara awọn ipinlẹ to tobi julọ ni ilẹ Afirica[3]. Aṣèyọri yi ló ṣipaya jihad óriṣiriṣi miran to pada waye ni apa Iwọọrun ilẹ Afrika.

Itan ati Agbẹkalẹ[àtúnṣe | àtúnṣe àmìọ̀rọ̀]

Ilu Kanem-Bornu lagbara lati century ti ẹlẹkeji din logun sẹyin. Eyi ló jasi didinku ninu awọn afin to daduro ni ilẹ hausa eleyi ti Sheikh Al'amkn El-kanemi ti kapa[4][5]. Afin Kanem-Bornu[6] ni a kọju ija ogun si nibi ti wọn ti kapa Usman Dan Fidio ti wọn si sọ sinu tubu. Lẹyin óriṣirísi ọgun to waye lẹyin ọdun diẹ ni Sheikh Al'amin Elkanemi tu Usman Dan Fodio silẹ.

Ogun[àtúnṣe | àtúnṣe àmìọ̀rọ̀]

Usman dan Fodio ti a bini ọdun 1754 dara pọ mọ awọn aririn ajo oni mimọ ẹskn islam ni ọdun 1770 to si di gbajumọ ni ọdun 1790[7]. Tẹlẹ ri, Iwasu Usman fisi akoso idari Gobir ṣugbọn bi oṣè n gbajumọ si bẹni o dinku lati fi ọwọ sowọpọ pẹlu oludari igbana. Eyi ló mu ki Sarkin Gobir Nafata, Ọba ti Gobir fi ifilọ lẹ lori Iwasu Usman.Ni ọdun 1801, akẹẹkọ Usman Dan Fodio tẹlẹ̀ri di Ọba Gobir to si ṣè alèèkun fifi ara ni Usman lẹyin naa lo le kuro ni Gobir lọsi abule ti Defel[8]. Ni ọdun 1803, Yunfa kogun ba awọn olutẹle ilana Usman Fan fodio eyi lo mu ki awọn yiju pada lati kogun ba awọn ologun yunfa ti wọn si tu Usman silẹ. Ni ọdun 1804, awọn olutẹle ilana Usman Dan fodio bẹrẹ sini korajọ lati kuró lẹ̀yin Gobir ti wọn si sọ Usman Dan Fodio ni Amir al-Mu'minin, eyi tu mọ si oludari olododo[9].

  1. ↑ "Jihad, Usman Dan Fodio". Encyclopedia Britannica. 1998-08-24. Retrieved 2023-08-24. 
  2. ↑ Nmah, Patrick Enoch; Amanambu, Uchenna Ebony (2017). "1804 Usman Dan Fodio's jihad on inter-group relations in the contemporary Nigerian state". Journal of religion and human relations (Department of Religion and Human Relations, Nnamdi Azikiwe Univ.) 9 (1): 47–71. https://ixtheo.de/Record/1585084158. Retrieved 2023-08-24. 
  3. ↑ "Usman Dan Fodio". Religion and Public Life at Harvard Divinity School. Retrieved 2023-08-24. 
  4. ↑ "Nigeria - Igboland, Delta, City-States". Encyclopedia Britannica. 1999-07-26. Retrieved 2023-08-24. 
  5. ↑ "Muhammad al-Amin al-Kanemi". Daily Trust. 2020-05-22. Retrieved 2023-08-24. 
  6. ↑ "Why Usman dan Fodio’s 1804 Sokoto Jihad failed in Kanem-Bornu – HistoryVille". HistoryVille. 2020-08-10. Archived from the original on 2023-08-24. Retrieved 2023-08-24. 
  7. ↑ "Usman dan Fodio Fulani Leader, Islamic Scholar & Reformer". Encyclopedia Britannica. 1998-07-20. Retrieved 2023-08-24. 
  8. ↑ "Usman dan Fodio: Sokoto Caliphate founder – DW – 02/24/2020". dw.com. 2020-02-24. Retrieved 2023-08-24. 
  9. ↑ "Nigeria - Usman dan Fodio and the Sokoto Caliphate". Country Studies. Retrieved 2023-08-24. 
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