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 Mexico Portal

This page lists the heads of state of Mexico since independence in 1821.

# Regents Took office Left office
1 Agustin de Iturbide[1] 28 September 1821 18 May 1822
2 Juan O'Donojú y O'Rian[1] 28 September 1821 8 October 1821
3 Antonio Pérez Martínez y Robles[1] 8 October 1821 11 April 1822
4 Manuel de la Barcéna[1] 28 September 1821 11 April 1822
5 José Isidro Yañez[1] 28 September 1821 18 May 1822
6 Manuel Velázquez de León y Pérez[1] 28 September 1821 11 April 1822
7 Miguel Valentín y Tamayo[1] 11 April 1822 18 May 1822
8 Manuel de Heras Soto[1] 11 April 1822 18 May 1822
9 Nicolás Bravo Rueda[1] 11 April 1822 18 May 1822
# Emperor Reign Start Reign Ended Royal House Consort
10 Agustín I 19 May 1822 19 March 1823 Iturbide Ana María de Huarte y Muñiz

Supreme Executive Power was an organization that served as Executive to govern México after the of Mexican Empire of Agustín I, on 1823.[2] The organization was responsible for convening the creation of the Federal Republic and was in effect from April 1, 1823 to October 10, 1824.[3]

Head of State Took office Left office Party
Pedro Celestino Negrete 31 March 1823 10 October 1824 Liberal
Guadalupe Victoria 31 March 1823 10 October 1824 Liberal
Nicolás Bravo 31 March 1823 10 October 1824 Conservative
Miguel Domínguez 1 April 1823 10 October 1824 Conservative
José Mariano Michelena 1 April 1823 10 October 1824 Conservative
Vicente Guerrero 1 April 1823 10 October 1824 Liberal

First Republic of Mexico (1824-1864)

[àtúnṣe | àtúnṣe àmìọ̀rọ̀]

Presidents of Mexico (1824-1858)

[àtúnṣe | àtúnṣe àmìọ̀rọ̀]

Between the time of Emperor Agustín de Iturbide's abdication (19 March 1823) and Guadalupe Victoria's assumption of the office of President (10 October 1824), there was a brief period when the executive power of the government was held by the Supreme Executive Power. At one time or another the members of this committee included Pedro Celestino Negrete, José Mariano Michelena, Nicolás Bravo, Miguel Domínguez, Vicente Guerrero and Guadalupe Victoria.

# President Took office Left office Party
1 Guadalupe Victoria 10 October 1824 1 April 1829 Liberal
2 Vicente Guerrero 1 April 1829 17 December 1829 Liberal
3 José María Bocanegra 18 December 1829 23 December 1829 Liberal
Supreme Executive Power
Pedro Vélez1, Lucas Alamán2 and Luis de Quintanar2
23 December 1829 31 December 1829 Liberal1
Conservative2
4 Anastasio Bustamante 1 January 1830 13 August 1832 Conservative
5 Melchor Múzquiz 14 August 1832 26 December 1832 Liberal
6 Manuel Gómez Pedraza 24 December 1832 1 April 1833 Liberal
7 Valentín Gómez Farías 1 April 1833 16 May 1833 Liberal
8 Antonio López de Santa Anna 16 May 1833 3 June 1833 Liberal-Conservative
9 Valentín Gómez Farías 3 June 1833 18 June 1833 Liberal
10 Antonio López de Santa Anna 18 June 1833 5 July 1833 Liberal-Conservative
11 Valentín Gómez Farías 5 July 1833 27 October 1833 Liberal
12 Antonio López de Santa Anna 27 October 1833 15 December 1833 Liberal-Conservative
13 Valentín Gómez Farías 16 December 1833 24 April 1834 Liberal
14 Antonio López de Santa Anna 24 April 1834 27 January 1835 Liberal-Conservative
15 Miguel Barragán 28 January 1835 27 February 1836 Liberal
16 José Justo Corro 2 March 1836 19 April 1837 Conservative
17 Anastasio Bustamante 19 April 1837 20 March 1839 Conservative
18 Antonio López de Santa Anna 20 March 1839 10 July 1839 Liberal-Conservative
19 Nicolás Bravo 10 July 1839 19 July 1839 Conservative
20 Anastasio Bustamante 19 July 1839 22 September 1841 Conservative
21 Francisco Javier Echeverría 22 September 1841 10 October 1841 Conservative
22 Antonio López de Santa Anna 10 October 1841 26 October 1842 Liberal-Conservative
23 Nicolás Bravo 26 October 1842 4 March 1843 Conservative
24 Antonio López de Santa Anna 4 March 1843 4 October 1843 Liberal-Conservative
25 Valentín Canalizo 4 October 1843 4 June 1844 Conservative
26 Antonio López de Santa Anna 4 June 1844 12 September 1844 Liberal-Conservative
27 José Joaquín de Herrera 12 September 1844 21 September 1844 Liberal
28 Valentín Canalizo 21 September 1844 6 December 1844 Conservative
29 José Joaquín de Herrera 7 December 1844 30 December 1845 Liberal
30 Gabriel Valencia 30 December 1845 2 January 1846 Liberal
31 Mariano Paredes 4 January 1846 28 July 1846 Conservative
32 José Mariano Salas 5 August 1846 23 December 1846 Conservative
33 Valentín Gómez Farías 24 December 1846 21 March 1847 Liberal
34 Antonio López de Santa Anna 21 March 1847 2 April 1847 Liberal-Conservative
35 Pedro María de Anaya 2 April 1847 20 May 1847 Liberal
36 Antonio López de Santa Anna 20 May 1847 15 September 1847 Liberal-Conservative
37 Manuel de la Peña y Peña 26 September 1847 13 November 1847 Liberal
38 Pedro María de Anaya 13 November 1847 8 January 1848 Liberal
39 Manuel de la Peña y Peña 8 January 1848 3 June 1848 Liberal
40 José Joaquín de Herrera 3 June 1848 15 January 1851 Liberal
41 Mariano Arista 15 January 1851 6 January 1853 Liberal
42 Juan Bautista Ceballos 6 January 1853 8 February 1853 Liberal
43 Manuel María Lombardini 8 February 1853 20 April 1853 Conservative
44 Antonio López de Santa Anna 20 April 1853 9 August 1855 Liberal-Conservative
45 Martín Carrera 15 August 1855 12 September 1855 Liberal
46 Rómulo Díaz de la Vega 12 September 1855 3 October 1855 Conservative
47 Juan Álvarez 4 October 1855 11 December 1855 Liberal
48 Ignacio Comonfort 15 September 1855 21 January 1858 Liberal

Liberal Presidents of Mexico during the Reform War (1858-1864)

[àtúnṣe | àtúnṣe àmìọ̀rọ̀]
President Took office Left office Party
Benito Juárez 19 January 1858 10 April 1864 Liberal

Conservative Presidents of Mexico during the Reform War (1858-1862)

[àtúnṣe | àtúnṣe àmìọ̀rọ̀]
# President Took office Left office Party
49 Félix Zuloaga 21 January 1858 24 December 1858 Conservative
50 Manuel Robles Pezuela 24 December 1858 21 January 1859 Conservative
51 José Mariano Salas 21 January 1859 2 February 1859 Conservative
* Félix Zuloaga 24 January 1859 1 February 1859 Conservative
52 Miguel Miramón 2 February 1859 12 August 1860 Conservative
53 José Ignacio Pavón 13 August 1860 15 August 1860 Conservative
54 Miguel Miramón 15 August 1860 24 December 1860 Conservative
55 Félix Zuloaga 28 December 1860 28 December 1862 Conservative

Between 21 April 1862 to 12 January 1863 Juan Nepomuceno Almonte was recognized by the conservatives as the Supreme head of the Mexican Nation and between 20 June 1863 to 25 June 1863, Teodosio Lares was the president the Assembly Superior of Government of Mexico. In 25 June 1863, the Supreme Executive Power was integrated, and this organization was responsible for convening the creation of the Second Mexican Empire with a creation of the Regency.

# Regents Took office Left office Party
11 Juan Nepomuceno Almonte 11 Jul 1863 10 April 1864 Conservative
José Mariano Salas 11 Jul 1863 10 April 1864 Conservative
Juan Bautista de Ormaechea y Ernaiz 11 Jul 1863 10 April 1864 Conservative
Pelagio Antonio de Labastida y Dávalos 11 Jul 1863 10 April 1864 Conservative
José Ignacio Pavón 11 Jul 1863 10 April 1864 Conservative
# Emperor Reign Start Reign Ended Royal House Consort
16 Maximilian I 10 April 1864 15 May 1867 Habsburg Charlotte of Belgium

Second Republic of Mexico (1867-present)

[àtúnṣe | àtúnṣe àmìọ̀rọ̀]

Presidents of Mexico (1867-1911)

[àtúnṣe | àtúnṣe àmìọ̀rọ̀]
# President Took office Left office Party
56 Benito Juárez 15 May 1867 18 July 1872 Liberal
57 Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada 19 July 1872 20 November 1876 Liberal
58 José María Iglesias[4] 31 October 1876 15 March 1877 Liberal
59 Porfirio Díaz 28 November 1876 6 December 1876 Liberal
60 Juan N. Méndez 6 December 1876 17 February 1877 Liberal
61 Porfirio Díaz 17 February 1877 30 November 1880 Liberal
62 Manuel González 1 December 1880 30 November 1884 Liberal
63 Porfirio Díaz 1 December 1884 25 May 1911 Liberal

Presidents of Mexico during the Mexican Revolution (1911-1920)

[àtúnṣe | àtúnṣe àmìọ̀rọ̀]
# President Took office Left office Party
64 Francisco León de la Barra 25 May 1911 6 November 1911 Democratic Liberal (PLD)
65 Francisco I. Madero 6 November 1911 19 February 1913 Anti-reelectionist
Progressive Constitutional (PCP)
66 Pedro Lascuráin 19 February 1913 Anti-reelectionist
Progressive Constitutional (PCP)
67 Victoriano Huerta 19 February 1913 15 July 1914 Democratic Liberal (PDL)
68 Francisco S. Carvajal 15 July 1914 13 August 1914 Democratic Liberal (PLD)
69 Venustiano Carranza 20 August 1914 24 May 1920 Liberal Constitutionalist (PLC)
* Eulalio Gutiérrez 6 November 1914 16 January 1915 No Party
Conventionists
Roque González Garza 16 January 1915 10 June 1915
Francisco Lagos Cházaro Fáìlì:Franciscolagosc.jpg 10 June 1915 10 October 1915
70 Adolfo de la Huerta 24 May 1920 30 November 1920 Liberal Constitutionalist (PLC)

Presidents of Mexico since the Mexican Revolution (1920–present)

[àtúnṣe | àtúnṣe àmìọ̀rọ̀]
# President Took office Left office Party
71 Álvaro Obregón 1 December 1920 30 November 1924 Mexican Laborist Party (PLM)
72 Plutarco Elías Calles 1 December 1924 30 November 1928 Mexican Laborist Party (PLM)
73 Emilio Portes Gil[5] 1 December 1928 5 February 1930 National Revolutionary Party (PNR)
74 Pascual Ortiz Rubio[6] 5 February 1930 2 September 1932 National Revolutionary Party (PNR)
75 Abelardo L. Rodríguez[7] 2 September 1932 30 November 1934 National Revolutionary Party (PNR)
76 Lázaro Cárdenas 1 December 1934 30 November 1940[8] National Revolutionary Party (PNR)[9]
77 Manuel Ávila Camacho 1 December 1940 30 November 1946 Party of the Mexican Revolution (PRM)
78 Miguel Alemán Valdés 1 December 1946 30 November 1952 Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI)
79 Adolfo Ruiz Cortines 1 December 1952 30 November 1958 Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI)
80 Adolfo López Mateos 1 December 1958 30 November 1964 Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI)
81 Gustavo Díaz Ordaz 1 December 1964 30 November 1970 Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI)
82 Luis Echeverría 1 December 1970 30 November 1976 Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI)
83 José López Portillo 1 December 1976 30 November 1982 Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI)
84 Miguel de la Madrid 1 December 1982 30 November 1988 Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI)
85 Carlos Salinas de Gortari 1 December 1988 30 November 1994 Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI)
86 Ernesto Zedillo 1 December 1994 30 November 2000 Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI)
87 Vicente Fox 1 December 2000 30 November 2006 National Action Party (PAN)
88 Felipe Calderon 1 December 2006 Incumbent
(Term expires 30 November 2012)
National Action Party (PAN)
  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 Acta de Independencia del Imperio mexicano, Archivo General de la Nación
  2. "INEHRM Secretaría de Gobernación". Archived from the original on 2014-03-25. Retrieved 2011-06-25. 
  3. "El Viajero en México (Pág. 30)" (PDF). CDigital. Retrieved September 12, 2010. 
  4. Gobernantes presidencia.gob.mx
  5. Appointed interim by Congress after president-elect Obregón was assassinated
  6. Resigned
  7. Appointed substitute after president Ortiz Rubio's resignation
  8. By Constitutional reform to article 83, the term of office was expanded to 6 years with no possibility of reelection
  9. "Lazaro Cardenas PNR" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-12-04. Retrieved 2011-06-25.