Ìsìnrú ní Afíríkà

Nínú ìtàn, ìsìnrú jẹ́ nǹkan tí ó gbajúmọ̀ ní ilẹ̀Áfríkà, bí ó ṣe gbajúmọ̀ ní àwọn apá míràn ní àgbáyé láyé àtijọ́.^[1] nígbà tí Oko ẹrú trans-Saharan, Oko ẹrú Indian Ocean àti Oko ẹrú Atlantic (tí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní àwọn ọdún 1500s) bẹ̀rẹ̀, àwọn tí ó ń kọ́ni lẹ́rú tẹ́lẹ̀ ní Áfíríkà bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ń ta àwọn ẹrú fún àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè tí kò sí ní Áfíríkà.^[2]^[3] Àwọn ènìyàn sì ń sìnrú ní Afíríkà ní òní bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ wípé wọ́n ti fi òfin dẹ̀ẹ́.

Nínú àwọn ìwé ìtàn nípa Áfríkà, oko ẹrú pín sọ́nà méjì, àwọn tí wọ́n kó lẹ́rú láti sìnrú ní Afíríkà àti àwọn tí wọ́n ń tà síta ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà. ^[4] Oríṣi ọ̀nà ni wọ́n fi ń sìrún ní Áfríkà: Ìsìnrú gbèsè, ìsìnrú àwọn tí wọ́n kó lójú ogun, ìsìnrú fún ìbálòpò tí kò tọ́, àti ìsìnrú àwọn ọ̀daràn.^[5]

Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí[àtúnṣe | àtúnṣe àmìọ̀rọ̀]

↑ Stilwell, Sean (2013), "Slavery in African History", Slavery and Slaving in African History, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 38, ISBN 978-1-139-03499-9, doi:10.1017/cbo9781139034999.003, For most Africans between 10000 BCE to 500 CE, the use of slaves was not an optimal political or economic strategy. But in some places, Africans came to see the value of slavery. In the large parts of the continent where Africans lived in relatively decentralized and small-scale communities, some big men used slavery to grab power to get around broader governing ideas about reciprocity and kinship, but were still bound by those ideas to some degree. In other parts of the continent early political centralization and commercialization led to expanded use of slaves as soldiers, officials, and workers.
↑ Àṣìṣe ìtọ́kasí: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Lovejoy-2012
↑ Sparks, Randy J. (2014). "4. The Process of Enslavement at Annamaboe". Where the Negroes are Masters : An African Port in the Era of the Slave Trade. Harvard University Press. pp. 122–161. ISBN 9780674724877.
↑ Dirk Bezemer, Jutta Bolt, Robert Lensink, "Slavery, Statehood and Economic Development in Sub-Saharan Africa", AFRICAN ECONOMIC HISTORY WORKING PAPER SERIES, No. 6/2012, p. 6
↑ Foner, Eric (2012). Give Me Liberty: An American History. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. p. 18.

[1] Stilwell, Sean (2013), "Slavery in African History", Slavery and Slaving in African History, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 38, ISBN 978-1-139-03499-9, doi:10.1017/cbo9781139034999.003, For most Africans between 10000 BCE to 500 CE, the use of slaves was not an optimal political or economic strategy. But in some places, Africans came to see the value of slavery. In the large parts of the continent where Africans lived in relatively decentralized and small-scale communities, some big men used slavery to grab power to get around broader governing ideas about reciprocity and kinship, but were still bound by those ideas to some degree. In other parts of the continent early political centralization and commercialization led to expanded use of slaves as soldiers, officials, and workers.

[Lovejoy-2012-2] Àṣìṣe ìtọ́kasí: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Lovejoy-2012

[Sparks_process-3] Sparks, Randy J. (2014). "4. The Process of Enslavement at Annamaboe". Where the Negroes are Masters : An African Port in the Era of the Slave Trade. Harvard University Press. pp. 122–161. ISBN 9780674724877.

[4] Dirk Bezemer, Jutta Bolt, Robert Lensink, "Slavery, Statehood and Economic Development in Sub-Saharan Africa", AFRICAN ECONOMIC HISTORY WORKING PAPER SERIES, No. 6/2012, p. 6

[5] Foner, Eric (2012). Give Me Liberty: An American History. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. p. 18.

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