Calcium
Lát'ọwọ́ Wikipedia, ìwé ìmọ̀ ọ̀fẹ́
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| Ìfarahàn |
Dull gray, silver
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| Àwọn ìní àníkárí |
| Orúkọ, àmì-ìdámọ̀, nọ́mbà |
calcium, Ca, 20 |
| Ẹ̀ka apilẹ̀sẹ̀ |
alkaline earth metal |
| Àdìpọ̀, ìgbà, block |
2, 4, s |
| Ìwúwo átọ́mù |
40.078(4) g·mol−1 |
| Ìtòjọ ẹ̀lẹ́ktrónì |
[Ar] 4s2 |
| Àwọn ẹ̀lẹ́ktrónì lórí ọ̀nà kan |
2, 8, 8, 2 (Image) |
| Àwọn ìní aláfójúrí |
| Phase |
solid |
| Kíki (tó súnmọ́ r.t.) |
1.55 g·cm−3 |
| Liquid density at m.p. |
1.378 g·cm−3 |
| ojúàmì ìyọ́ |
1115 K, 842 °C, 1548 °F |
| ajúàmì ìhó |
1757 K, 1484 °C, 2703 °F |
| Heat of fusion |
8.54 kJ·mol−1 |
| Heat of vaporization |
154.7 kJ·mol−1 |
| Specific heat capacity |
(25 °C) 25.929 J·mol−1·K−1 |
| Vapor pressure |
| P/Pa |
1 |
10 |
100 |
1 k |
10 k |
100 k |
| at T/K |
864 |
956 |
1071 |
1227 |
1443 |
1755 |
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| Atomic properties |
| Oxidation states |
2
(strongly basic oxide) |
| Electronegativity |
1.00 (Pauling scale) |
Ionization energies
(more) |
1st: 589.8 kJ·mol−1 |
| 2nd: 1145.4 kJ·mol−1 |
| 3rd: 4912.4 kJ·mol−1 |
| Atomic radius |
197 pm |
| Covalent radius |
176±10 pm |
| Van der Waals radius |
231 pm |
| Miscellanea |
| Crystal structure |
face-centered cubic |
| Magnetic ordering |
diamagnetic |
| Electrical resistivity |
(20 °C) 33.6 nΩ·m |
| Thermal conductivity |
(300 K) 201 W·m−1·K−1 |
| Thermal expansion |
(25 °C) 22.3 µm·m−1·K−1 |
| Speed of sound (thin rod) |
(20 °C) 3810 m/s |
| Young's modulus |
20 GPa |
| Shear modulus |
7.4 GPa |
| Bulk modulus |
17 GPa |
| Poisson ratio |
0.31 |
| Mohs hardness |
1.75 |
| Brinell hardness |
167 MPa |
| CAS registry number |
7440-70-2 |
| Most stable isotopes |
| Main article: Isotopes of calcium |
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