Nickel
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| Nickel |
|
28Ni
|
|
|
| Ìhànsójú |
lustrous, metallic, and silvery with a gold tinge
 |
| Àwọn ìdámọ́ wíwọ́pọ̀ |
| Orúkọ, àmì-ìdámọ́, nọ́mbà |
nickel, Ni, 28 |
| Ẹ̀ka ẹ́límẹ̀nti |
transition metal |
| Ẹgbẹ́, àsìkò, àdìpò |
10, 4, d |
| Ìwúwo átọ́mù |
58.6934(2) |
| Ìtòléra ẹ̀lẹ́ktrónì |
[Ar] 4s1 3d9
2, 8, 17, 1 |
| Physical properties |
| Phase |
solid |
| Density (near r.t.) |
8.908 g·cm−3 |
| Liquid density at m.p. |
7.81 g·cm−3 |
| Melting point |
1728 K, 1453 °C, 2651 °F |
| Boiling point |
3186 K, 2732 °C, 5275 °F |
| Heat of fusion |
17.48 kJ·mol−1 |
| Heat of vaporization |
377.5 kJ·mol−1 |
| Molar heat capacity |
26.07 J·mol−1·K−1 |
| Vapor pressure |
| P (Pa) |
1 |
10 |
100 |
1 k |
10 k |
100 k |
| at T (K) |
1783 |
1950 |
2154 |
2410 |
2741 |
3184 |
|
| Atomic properties |
| Oxidation states |
4[1], 3, 2, 1 [2], -1
(mildly basic oxide) |
| Electronegativity |
1.91 (Pauling scale) |
Ionization energies
(more) |
1st: 737.1 kJ·mol−1 |
| 2nd: 1753.0 kJ·mol−1 |
| 3rd: 3395 kJ·mol−1 |
| Atomic radius |
124 pm |
| Covalent radius |
124±4 pm |
| Van der Waals radius |
163 pm |
| Miscellanea |
| Crystal structure |
face-centered cubic
|
| Magnetic ordering |
ferromagnetic |
| Electrical resistivity |
(20 °C) 69.3 nΩ·m |
| Thermal conductivity |
90.9 W·m−1·K−1 |
| Thermal expansion |
(25 °C) 13.4 µm·m−1·K−1 |
| Speed of sound (thin rod) |
(r.t.) 4900 m·s−1 |
| Young's modulus |
200 GPa |
| Shear modulus |
76 GPa |
| Bulk modulus |
180 GPa |
| Poisson ratio |
0.31 |
| Mohs hardness |
4.0 |
| Vickers hardness |
638 MPa |
| Brinell hardness |
700 MPa |
| CAS registry number |
7440-02-0 |
| Àwọn ísótòpù dídúró jùlọ |
| Main article: Àwọn ísótòpù nickel |
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· r |
- ↑ M. Carnes et al. (2009). "A Stable Tetraalkyl Complex of Nickel(IV)". Angewandte Chemie International Edition 48: 3384. doi:10.1002/anie.200804435.
- ↑ S. Pfirrmann et al. (2009). "A Dinuclear Nickel(I) Dinitrogen Complex and its Reduction in Single-Electron Steps". Angewandte Chemie International Edition 48: 3357. doi:10.1002/anie.200805862.
