Gallium
Lát'ọwọ́ Wikipedia, ìwé ìmọ̀ ọ̀fẹ́
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| Ìfarahàn |
silvery white
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| Àwọn ìní àníkárí |
| Orúkọ, àmì-ìdámọ̀, nọ́mbà |
gallium, Ga, 31 |
| Ẹ̀ka apilẹ̀sẹ̀ |
post-transition metal |
| Àdìpọ̀, ìgbà, block |
13, 4, p |
| Ìwúwo átọ́mù |
69.723(1) g·mol−1 |
| Ìtòjọ ẹ̀lẹ́ktrónì |
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1 |
| Àwọn ẹ̀lẹ́ktrónì lórí ọ̀nà kan |
2, 8, 18, 3 (Image) |
| Àwọn ìní aláfójúrí |
| Phase |
solid |
| Kíki (tó súnmọ́ r.t.) |
5.91 g·cm−3 |
| Liquid density at m.p. |
6.095 g·cm−3 |
| ojúàmì ìyọ́ |
302.9146 K, 29.7646 °C, 85.5763 °F |
| ajúàmì ìhó |
2477 K, 2204 °C, 3999 °F |
| Heat of fusion |
5.59 kJ·mol−1 |
| Heat of vaporization |
254 kJ·mol−1 |
| Specific heat capacity |
(25 °C) 25.86 J·mol−1·K−1 |
| Vapor pressure |
| P/Pa |
1 |
10 |
100 |
1 k |
10 k |
100 k |
| at T/K |
1310 |
1448 |
1620 |
1838 |
2125 |
2518 |
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| Atomic properties |
| Oxidation states |
3, 2, 1
(amphoteric oxide) |
| Electronegativity |
1.81 (Pauling scale) |
Ionization energies
(more) |
1st: 578.8 kJ·mol−1 |
| 2nd: 1979.3 kJ·mol−1 |
| 3rd: 2963 kJ·mol−1 |
| Atomic radius |
135 pm |
| Covalent radius |
122±3 pm |
| Van der Waals radius |
187 pm |
| Miscellanea |
| Crystal structure |
orthorhombic |
| Magnetic ordering |
diamagnetic |
| Electrical resistivity |
(20 °C) 270Ω·m |
| Thermal conductivity |
(300 K) 40.6 W·m−1·K−1 |
| Thermal expansion |
(25 °C) 1.2 µm·m−1·K−1 |
| Speed of sound (thin rod) |
(20 °C) 2740 m/s |
| Young's modulus |
9.8 GPa |
| Poisson ratio |
0.47 |
| Mohs hardness |
1.5 |
| Brinell hardness |
60 MPa |
| CAS registry number |
7440-55-3 |
| Most stable isotopes |
| Main article: Isotopes of gallium |
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