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Ọ́ksíjìn

Lát'ọwọ́ Wikipedia, ìwé ìmọ̀ ọ̀fẹ́
(Àtúnjúwe láti Oxygen)
Ọ́ksíjìn, 8O
Ọ́ksíjìn
Ìhànsójúcolorless gas; pale blue liquid. Oxygen bubbles rise in this photo of liquid oxygen.
Ìwúwo átọ̀mù Ar, std(O)[15.9990315.99977] conventional: 15.999
Ọ́ksíjìn ní orí tábìlì àyè
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
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O

S
nítrójìnọ́ksíjìnfluorínì
Nọ́mbà átọ̀mù (Z)8
Ẹgbẹ́group 16 (chalcogens)
Àyèàyè 2
Àdìpọ̀Àdìpọ̀-p
Ẹ̀ka ẹ́límẹ́ntì  Reactive nonmetal
Ìtò ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù[He] 2s2 2p4
Iye ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù lórí ìpele kọ̀ọ̀kan2, 6
Àwọn ohun ìní ara
Ìfarahàn at STPgas
Ìgbà ìyọ́54.36 K ​(-218.79 °C, ​-361.82 °F)
Ígbà ìhó90.20 K ​(-182.95 °C, ​-297.31 °F)
Kíki (at STP)1.429 g/L
when liquid (at b.p.)1.141 g/cm3
Critical point154.59 K, 5.043 MPa
Heat of fusion(O2) 0.444 kJ/mol
Heat of (O2) 6.82 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity(O2)
29.378 J/(mol·K)
 pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K)       61 73 90
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−2, −1, 0, +1, +2
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 3.44
energies
Covalent radius66±2 pm
Van der Waals radius152 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of ọ́ksíjìn
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structurecubic
Cubic crystal structure for ọ́ksíjìn
Speed of sound(gas, 27 °C) 330 m/s
Thermal conductivity26.58x10-3  W/(m·K)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic
CAS Number7782-44-7
History
DiscoveryCarl Wilhelm Scheele (1772)
Named byAntoine Lavoisier (1777)
Main isotopes of ọ́ksíjìn
Iso­tope Abun­dance Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
16O 99.76% 16O is stable with 8 neutrons
17O 0.039% 17O is stable with 9 neutrons
18O 0.201% 18O is stable with 10 neutrons
Àdàkọ:Category-inline
| references

Ọ́ksíjìn (play /ˈɒksɪɪn/ OK-si-jin) je elimenti kemika to ni nomba atomu 8 ati ti ami-idamo re je O. Oruko re wa lati gbongbo oro ede Griiki ὀξύς (oksis) (ikan, to je "shamu shamu", tountoka si ikan lenu awon ikan) ati -γενής (-jenis) (olupese, olumuwa), nitoripe nigba isoloruko re won ro pe gbogbo ikan gbodo ni oksijin ninu.

Ni igbonasi ati itemo opagun, atomu meji apilese na undipo lati da oksijinmeji kan (dioxygen), efuufu oniatomumeji alailawo, alailoorun, alainitowo to ni afida O2.

Oksijin je ikan ninu adipo kalkojin lori tabili alakoko, be sini o je apilese alaiseonide highly adarapo gidigidi to unda that readily forms adapo kiakia (agaga awon oloksijin) pelu gbogbo awon apilese yioku. Gegebi isupo re, oksijin ni apilese jantirerejulo keta ni agbalaye leyin haidrojin ati heliom[1] ati apilese tojantirere julo gegebi isupo ninu Earth's crust, o je bi idaji isupo.[2] Oksijin adawa je adarapo ni kemika julo lati han ni Aye laisi igbese afimoledapo awon iseelemin alaaye, ti won unlo okun imole orun lati se oksijin alapilese lati inu omi. O2 alapilese sese bere si pejo ninu afefeojuorun leyin ihanjade iyiarada awon iseelemin wonyi, ni bi odun 2.5 bilionu seyin.[3] Efuufu oksijin oniatomumeji lo je 20.8% itobiaye afefe.[4]

Nitori pe ohun ni opo isupo omi, oksijin na tun ni opo isupo awon iseelemin alaaye (fun apere, bi meji ninu idameta isupo ara omo eniyan). Gbogbo akosoto ninla awon igbonwo onilepo ninu awon iseelemin alaaye, bi proteins, karboniolomi, ati ora, ni oksijin ninu, bo se je bakanna fun awon adapo alailemin ninla ti won je ike, eyin ati egun awon eranko. Oksijin alapilese unje sise latowo cyanobacteria, algae ati awon ogbin, o si unje lilo ninu imin alahamo fun gbogbo emin tosoro. Oksijin se ipalara si awon iseelemin alailoafefe dandanundandan, ti won je iruida emin atetekose to gbale ni Aye ko to o dipe O2 bere sini pejo ninu afefeojuorun. Iruida miran (allotrope) oksijin, osoni (O3), seranlowo lati da abo bo igbeojuorun lowo (biosphere) iranka onipupagan pelu ipele osoni ojuibiloke giga, sugbon o je idoti nitosi ojuode nibi ti o ti je eso abe smog[5]

ìgbọ́násí àti ìfúnpá ọ̀págún, ọ́ksíjìn jẹ́ ẹ̀fúùfù aláìláwọ̀, aláìlóòórùn pẹ̀lú àfidá oníhóró O2, níbi tí àwọn átọ́mù ọ́ksíjìn méjéjì jẹ́ dídìpọ̀ lólóògùn mọ́ ara wọn pẹ̀lú ìtòpọ̀ ẹlẹ́ktrónì oníbẹta ayípo. Ìdìpọ̀ yìí ní ìtòrò ìdìpọ̀ méjì, bẹ́sìni ìjúwe rẹ̀ ṣe é pè bíi ìdìpọ̀ ẹ̀mejì[6] tàbí bíi ìsopọ̀ ìdìpọ̀ ẹlẹ́ktrónì ìkan-méjì àti two ìdìpọ̀ ẹlẹ́ktrónì méjì-mẹ́ta.[7]

Ọ́ksíjìn ìbẹta (ó yàtọ́ sí òsónì, O3) ni ipò oríilẹ̀ hóró O2.[8] Ìtòpọ̀ ẹlẹ́ktrónì hóró rẹ̀ ní ẹlẹ́ktrónì méjì alánìníkejì tí wọ́n jókòó ona-àyípo oníhóró adíbàjẹ́ méjì.[9]



  1. Emsley 2001, p.297
  2. Àṣìṣe ìtọ́kasí: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named lanl
  3. "NASA Research Indicates Oxygen on Earth 2.5 Billion Years ago" (Press release). NASA. 2007-09-27. Archived from the original on 2008-03-13. Retrieved 2008-03-13. 
  4. Àṣìṣe ìtọ́kasí: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ECE500
  5. "Atomic oxygen erosion". Archived from the original on 2007-06-13. Retrieved 2009-08-08. 
  6. "Molecular Orbital Theory". Purdue University. Archived from the original on 2008-05-10. Retrieved 2008-01-28. 
  7. Pauling, L. (1960). The nature of the chemical bond and the structure of molecules and crystals : an introduction to modern structural chemistry (3rd ed.). Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press. ISBN 0801403332. 
  8. Jakubowski, Henry. "Biochemistry Online". Saint John's University. Retrieved 2008-01-28.  |chapter= ignored (help)
  9. An orbital is a concept from quantum mechanics that models an electron as a wave-like particle that has a spacial distribution about an atom or molecule.