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Platinum

Lát'ọwọ́ Wikipedia, ìwé ìmọ̀ ọ̀fẹ́
Platinum, 78Pt
Platinum
Pípè /ˈplætnəm/ (PLAT-ə-nəm)
Ìhànsójúgrayish white
Ìwúwo átọ̀mù Ar, std(Pt)195.084(9)[1]
Platinum ní orí tábìlì àyè
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
Pd

Pt

Ds
iridiumplatinumgold
Nọ́mbà átọ̀mù (Z)78
Ẹgbẹ́group 10
Àyèàyè 6
Àdìpọ̀Àdìpọ̀-d
Ẹ̀ka ẹ́límẹ́ntì  Transition metal
Ìtò ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
Iye ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù lórí ìpele kọ̀ọ̀kan2, 8, 18, 32, 17, 1
Àwọn ohun ìní ara
Ìfarahàn at STPsolid
Ìgbà ìyọ́2041.4 K ​(1768.3 °C, ​3214.9 °F)
Ígbà ìhó4098 K ​(3825 °C, ​6917 °F)
Kíki (near r.t.)21.45 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)19.77 g/cm3
Heat of fusion22.17 kJ/mol
Heat of 469 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity25.86 J/(mol·K)
 pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 2330 (2550) 2815 3143 3556 4094
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−3, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6 Àdàkọ:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.28
Atomic radiusempirical: 139 pm
Covalent radius136±5 pm
Van der Waals radius175 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of platinum
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structure ​(fcc)
Face-centered cubic crystal structure for platinum
Thermal expansion8.8 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity71.6 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity105 n Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic
Young's modulus168 GPa
Shear modulus61 GPa
Bulk modulus230 GPa
Poisson ratio0.38
Mohs hardness4–4.5
Vickers hardness549 MPa
Brinell hardness392 MPa
CAS Number7440-06-4
Main isotopes of platinum
Iso­tope Abun­dance Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
190Pt 0.014% 6.5×1011 y α 3.18 186Os
191Pt syn 2.76 d ε ? 191Ir
192Pt 0.782% 192Pt is stable with 114 neutrons
193Pt syn 50 y ε ? 193Ir
193mPt syn 4.33 d IT 0.1355e 193Pt
194Pt 32.967% 194Pt is stable with 116 neutrons
195Pt 33.832% 195Pt is stable with 117 neutrons
195mPt syn 4.02 d IT 0.1297e 195Pt
196Pt 25.242% 196Pt is stable with 118 neutrons
197Pt syn 19.8913 h β 0.719 197Au
197mPt syn 1.59 h IT 0.3465 197Pt
198Pt 7.163% 198Pt is stable with 120 neutrons
Àdàkọ:Category-inline
| references


  1. Meija, Juris; Coplen, Tyler B.; Berglund, Michael; Brand, Willi A.; De Bièvre, Paul; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Irrgeher, Johanna et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.